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      易燃易爆危险品
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        <h1 id="易燃易爆危险品"><a href="#易燃易爆危险品" class="headerlink" title="易燃易爆危险品"></a><strong>易燃易爆危险品</strong></h1><!-- TOC -->

<ul>
<li><a href="#易燃易爆危险品"><strong>易燃易爆危险品</strong></a><ul>
<li><a href="#爆炸品">爆炸品</a></li>
<li><a href="#易燃气体">易燃气体</a><ul>
<li><a href="#易燃气体分级">易燃气体分级</a></li>
<li><a href="#易燃气体的火灾危险性">易燃气体的火灾危险性</a></li>
<li><a href="#易燃气雾剂">易燃气雾剂</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#易燃液体">易燃液体</a><ul>
<li><a href="#易燃气体的火灾危险性-1">易燃气体的火灾危险性</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#易燃固体易自燃的物质遇水放出自燃气体的物质">易燃固体,易自燃的物质,遇水放出自燃气体的物质</a><ul>
<li><a href="#易燃固体">易燃固体</a></li>
<li><a href="#易于自燃的物质">易于自燃的物质</a></li>
<li><a href="#遇水放出自燃气体的物质">遇水放出自燃气体的物质</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#氧化性物质和有机过氧化物">氧化性物质和有机过氧化物</a><ul>
<li><a href="#氧化性物质">氧化性物质</a></li>
<li><a href="#有机过氧化物">有机过氧化物</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- /TOC -->
<p>危险品系指爆炸,易燃,毒害,腐蚀,放射性等性质在运输,装卸和存储保管过程中,易造成人身伤亡和财产损失而需要特别防护的物品.</p>
<h2 id="爆炸品"><a href="#爆炸品" class="headerlink" title="爆炸品"></a>爆炸品</h2><blockquote>
<p>火药,炸药,爆炸性药品及其制品的总称</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="爆炸品分类"><a href="#爆炸品分类" class="headerlink" title="爆炸品分类"></a>爆炸品分类</h3><blockquote>
<p>按爆炸危险性的大小分类</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>具有整体危险性的物品 <em>瞬间影响几乎全部装入量的爆炸</em></p>
</li>
<li><p>具有迸射危险</p>
</li>
<li><p>燃烧危险并有局部爆炸危险或局部迸射危险</p>
</li>
<li><p>不呈现重大危险的物质和物品</p>
</li>
<li><p>有整体爆炸危险的非常不敏感物质</p>
</li>
<li><p>无整体爆炸危险的极端不敏感物质</p>
<h3 id="爆炸品的特性和参数"><a href="#爆炸品的特性和参数" class="headerlink" title="爆炸品的特性和参数"></a>爆炸品的特性和参数</h3><blockquote>
<p>主要危险特性包括爆炸性和敏感性</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>爆炸性 </li>
<li>敏感度 <em>化学组成和结构决定敏感度的内在因素,外在因素还有温度,杂质,结晶,密度</em></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2 id="易燃气体"><a href="#易燃气体" class="headerlink" title="易燃气体"></a>易燃气体</h2><h3 id="易燃气体分级"><a href="#易燃气体分级" class="headerlink" title="易燃气体分级"></a>易燃气体分级</h3><ul>
<li>1级: 爆炸下限＜10%;或爆炸极限范围≧12个百分点</li>
<li>2级: 10%≦爆炸下限＜13%,或爆炸极限范围＜12个百分点<blockquote>
<p>实际应用中,通常将将爆炸下限＜10%的气体归为甲类火险物质,爆炸下限≧10%的气体归为乙类物质</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="易燃气体的火灾危险性"><a href="#易燃气体的火灾危险性" class="headerlink" title="易燃气体的火灾危险性"></a>易燃气体的火灾危险性</h3><blockquote>
<p>易燃易爆性 </p>
<blockquote>
<p>1).比液体固体易燃,燃烧速度快<br>2).由简单气体组成<br>3).价键不饱和的气体比饱和气体危险性更大</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>扩散性 </p>
<p>可缩性和膨胀性  </p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>气体的体积与温度成正比  </li>
<li>气体的体积与压力成反比  </li>
<li>气体的温度与压力成正比 </li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>带电性  <em>带电性是评定可燃气体火灾危险性的参数之一</em></p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>杂质越多,产生的静电荷越多  </li>
<li>流速越快,产生的静电荷越多</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>腐蚀性毒害性</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="易燃气雾剂"><a href="#易燃气雾剂" class="headerlink" title="易燃气雾剂"></a>易燃气雾剂</h3><blockquote>
<p>分为喷雾气雾剂和泡沫气雾剂</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h2 id="易燃液体"><a href="#易燃液体" class="headerlink" title="易燃液体"></a>易燃液体</h2><blockquote>
<p>闪点＜61℃的液体,液体混合物或含有固体混合物的液体</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="易燃气体的火灾危险性-1"><a href="#易燃气体的火灾危险性-1" class="headerlink" title="易燃气体的火灾危险性"></a>易燃气体的火灾危险性</h3><ul>
<li>易燃性</li>
<li>爆炸性</li>
<li>受热膨胀性</li>
<li>流动性</li>
<li>带电性</li>
<li>毒害性</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2 id="易燃固体-易自燃的物质-遇水放出自燃气体的物质"><a href="#易燃固体-易自燃的物质-遇水放出自燃气体的物质" class="headerlink" title="易燃固体,易自燃的物质,遇水放出自燃气体的物质"></a>易燃固体,易自燃的物质,遇水放出自燃气体的物质</h2><h3 id="易燃固体"><a href="#易燃固体" class="headerlink" title="易燃固体"></a>易燃固体</h3><blockquote>
<p>易燃固体(低于300℃的固体)  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>一级  燃点低,易燃烧,燃烧迅速,并放出有毒气体<br>二级 燃点较高,燃烧较慢,燃烧产物毒性也较小 </p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>易燃固体的范围  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>固态退敏爆炸品<br>自反应物质  </p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>火灾危险性  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>燃点低,易点燃<br>遇酸,氧化剂易燃易爆<br>本身或燃烧产物有毒  </p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="易于自燃的物质"><a href="#易于自燃的物质" class="headerlink" title="易于自燃的物质"></a>易于自燃的物质</h3><blockquote>
<p>分类  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>发火物质<br>自热物质  </p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>火灾危险性  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>遇空气自燃性<br>遇湿自燃性<br>积热自燃性 </p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="遇水放出自燃气体的物质"><a href="#遇水放出自燃气体的物质" class="headerlink" title="遇水放出自燃气体的物质"></a>遇水放出自燃气体的物质</h3><blockquote>
<p>遇水或遇酸燃烧性  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>着火时不能用水及泡沫灭火器扑灭</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>自燃性  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>这类物质存储必循与水和潮气隔离 </p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>爆炸性  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>遇水放出易燃气体物质</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>其他  </p>
<blockquote>
<p>除了易燃还有毒性,放出热量巨大</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h2 id="氧化性物质和有机过氧化物"><a href="#氧化性物质和有机过氧化物" class="headerlink" title="氧化性物质和有机过氧化物"></a>氧化性物质和有机过氧化物</h2><h3 id="氧化性物质"><a href="#氧化性物质" class="headerlink" title="氧化性物质"></a>氧化性物质</h3><p>   氧化物分类 <em>一级二级</em></p>
<p>氧化性物质的火灾危险性  </p>
<ul>
<li>受热,被撞分解性</li>
<li>可燃性</li>
<li>与可燃液体作用自燃性</li>
<li>与酸作用分解性</li>
<li>与水作用分解性</li>
<li>强氧化性物质与弱氧化锌物质作用分解性</li>
<li>腐蚀毒害性  <h3 id="有机过氧化物"><a href="#有机过氧化物" class="headerlink" title="有机过氧化物"></a>有机过氧化物</h3>一种含有过氧基的有机物质,也可能是过氧化氢的衍生物<br>火灾危险性:<ul>
<li>分解爆炸性</li>
<li>易燃性</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

      
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